Xa uthetha nge-injini kunye nokusebenza kwayo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezifika engqondweni - iipistons, iisilinda, ii-camshafts kunye nee-turbocharger ukubiza ezimbalwa.Nangona kunjalo, kukho icandelo elibalulekileyo elihlala lingahoywa kodwa lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni i-injini yakho isebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokwandisa ukuphuma kwamandla: i-valve springs.Kweli nqaku, singena kwihlabathi lemithombo yevalvu, sixoxa ngomsebenzi wabo, iintlobo, kunye nokubaluleka ekusebenzeni kwenjini ngokubanzi.
Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwemithombo yevalve, kufuneka uqale uqonde umsebenzi wabo kwinjini yokutsha yangaphakathi.Imithombo yevalvu ihlala phakathi kwentloko yesilinda kunye neevalvu kwaye inoxanduva lokuqinisekisa ukuba iivalvu ze-injini zivale kakuhle emva komjikelo ngamnye wokuthatha kunye nokuphuma.Zisebenza njengemithombo yomatshini, zisebenzisa amandla kwivalve, ibangela ukuba ivuleke kwaye ivale ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yemithombo ye-valve kukugcina uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwiivalve.Olu xinzelelo luyimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe isitywina esifanelekileyo phakathi kwevalve kunye nesihlalo, ukukhusela iigesi ezivuthayo ukuba zibaleke.Ngaphandle koxinzelelo olwaneleyo lwentwasahlobo, ivalve ayinakuvala ngokupheleleyo, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni koxinzelelo, ukunciphisa amandla, kunye nomonakalo onokwenzeka we-injini.Ukongeza, imithombo yevalvu inceda ukufunxa ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela okubangelwa nguloliwe wevalvu, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini.
Imithombo yevalvu iza kwiimilo ezahlukeneyo kunye noyilo ukuze ilungele usetyenziso lweenjini ezahlukeneyo.Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zibandakanya imithombo yekhoyili, imithombo ephindwe kabini, imithombo yobusi, kunye nemithombo yeconical.Imithombo ye-coil, njengoko igama libonisa, yimithombo ye-helical enika ukuqina okukhethekileyo kunye nokubonelela ngoxinzelelo olungaguqukiyo kubomi babo benkonzo.Imithombo ephindwe kabini, kwelinye icala, iqulathe imithombo emibini enzulu, apho intlasahlobo yangaphandle ixhasa intlasahlobo engaphakathi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula uzinzo lwevalvu ngesantya esiphezulu se-injini.
Imithombo yeenyosi ibonakaliswe ngobume bayo obuyiconical obufana nendlu yeenyosi.Ezi ziphezulu zentwasahlobo zine-diameter enkulu, inceda ukunciphisa ubunzima obupheleleyo be-valvetrain.Uyilo lwayo olulodwa luvumela ulawulo olungcono lwevalvu kunye nesantya esiphezulu se-injini.Imithombo ye-cone, njengoko igama libonisa, inemilo efana ne-cone kunye nesiphelo esincinci kunesinye.Olu luyilo lunceda ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo ngokulinganayo entwasahlobo, ukuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza.
Ngelixa imithombo yevalvu yesitokhwe yanele iimeko zokuqhuba rhoqo, abathanda ukusebenza bahlala bekhetha imithombo yevalvu yentengiso yasemva kokuthengisa ukunyusa ukusebenza kweenjini zabo.Imithombo yevalvu ephuculweyo ibonelela ngesantya esiphezulu sentlakohlaza kwisantya esiphezulu senjini ngaphandle kokudada kwevalvu.Ukudada kwevalvu kwenzeka xa imithombo ingakwazi ukuhambelana necamshaft ejikeleza ngokukhawuleza, ibangela ukuba iivalve zibethe iipistons, nto leyo ekhokelela kukusilela kwe-injini kwintlekele.
Imithombo yevalve ephuculweyo ikwaphucula uzinzo lwevalvu, ngakumbi kwiinjini ezineecamshaft ezindlongondlongo kunye nokunyuswa okuphezulu.Uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo lwentwasahlobo lunceda ukugcina ulawulo olululo lwevalvu kwaye kunciphisa ithuba lokugxuma kwevalve - imeko apho ivalve ayivaleki ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yesantya esiphezulu senjini.Ngolawulo olungcono kunye ne-valve encinci, i-injini inokuvelisa amandla amaninzi kunye ne-torque kulo lonke uluhlu lwe-rev.
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukukhethwa kwemithombo ye-valve kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ngokucophelela ngokweemfuno ezithile ze-injini.Izinto ezifana neprofayili yecamshaft, ukusetyenziswa okujoliswe kuyo (ukuqhuba esitratweni okanye ukugijima) kunye nokukhutshwa kwamandla afunekayo kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Ukufakwa kwemithombo ye-valve enesantya sentwasahlobo ephezulu kakhulu kunokubangela ukunxiba kwangaphambi kwexesha kumacandelo kaloliwe we-valve, ngelixa ukusebenzisa imithombo ephantsi kakhulu kunokubangela i-valve float kwaye ichaphazele ukusebenza.
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa kwemithombo yevalvu nako kubalulekile kubomi be-injini kunye nokuthembeka.Ngokuhamba kwexesha, imithombo yevalvu inokudinwa, ilahlekelwe kukuxinezeleka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.Kunconywa ukuba utshintshe i-valve springs ngezikhathi ezithile okanye xa kukho naziphi na iimpawu zokuguga okanye umonakalo zibonwa.Ukongeza, ukuqinisekisa ukuthanjiswa okufanelekileyo kwamacandelo kaloliwe wevalvu kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukungqubana kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu, ngaloo ndlela kwandiswa ubomi bubonke bemithombo yevalvu.
Ukuqukumbela, ngelixa i-valve springs isenokungafumani ngqalelo efanayo kunye nokuqatshelwa njengamanye amacandelo enjini, indima yabo ekusebenzeni kwe-injini ayinakujongelwa phantsi.Imithombo yevalvu idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ukuphuma kwamandla kunye nokugcina ukuqina kwenjini njengabagcini bolawulo lwevalvu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukutywinwa okufanelekileyo.Nokuba kungenxa yoyilo olwahlukeneyo okanye ukukwazi kwabo ukuphatha amazinga anyukileyo entwasahlobo, imithombo yevalvu yenza igalelo elibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi kwe-injini.Ke kwixesha elizayo xa uncoma injini esebenza kakhulu, khumbula amagorha angasebenziyo asebenza nzima emva kwemiboniso, i-valve springs.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-19-2023